Speed Governor (K) of GAST2A initialized out of limits

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Unfortunately the MAX and MIN limits are not in pu on turbine rating, even if the manual wrongly says that. There are many errors in the manual!

With Pgen=13.7862 MW the speed governor signal (STATE K) is initialised to -0.1842. With your MIN-limit of -0.1 there is a violation of MIN limit and initial conditions suspect for STATE K, K+1 and K+12. State K+5 is normally causing initial conditions suspect but that can be ignored.

With load flow data Pmax=36.1 MW and Pmin=0 MW and your GAST2A parameters you must choose MIN = -0.5285 and MAX = 0.37313 for the speed governor limits in model GAST2A. Please note that the MIN-value is negative, corresponding to a generator power of 0 MW.

I have assumed that Rsource is zero for the generator so there are no generator losses to be considered.

The highlighted values below are the Max and Min governor limits in pu (on the turbine MW rating).

'GAST2A' 2 25.0 0.0 0.05 1.0 0.02 0.1 40.0 0.25 1.5 -0.1 0.01 0.77 1.0 0.05 1.0 0.4 0.0 0.2 0.8 15.0 2.5 450.0 3.3 700.0 550.0 0.23 1.3 0.5 1020.0 0.23 1020.0

Therefore, I would think that it's not possible to set them outside the range (0,1)

Try setting them as follows:

MAX = (Pmax/turbine rating)

MIN = (Pmin/turbine rating)

Note: the turbine rating to be taken in the calculation is the one entered in your dynamic model (40 MW in your case).